Title:
Beyond lithium-ion batteries: Are effective electrodes possible for alkaline and other alkali elements? Exploring ion intercalation in surface-modified few-layer graphene and examining layer quantity and stages
Year of Publication:
2024
Authors:
Yu-Hsiu Lin, Jose L. Mendoza-Cortes
Journal:
Journal of Applied Physics
Abstract:
In the pursuit of reliable energy storage solutions, the significance of engineering electrodes cannot be overstated. Previous research has explored the use of surface modifiers (SMs), such as single-side fluorinated graphene, to enhance the thermodynamic stability of ion intercalation when applied atop few-layer graphene (FLG). As we seek alternatives to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), earth-abundant elements like sodium and potassium have emerged as promising candidates. However, a comprehensive investigation into staging intercalation has been lacking thus far. By delving into staging assemblies, we have uncovered a previously unknown intercalation site that offers the most energetically favorable binding. Here, we study the first three elements in both alkali (Li, Na, K) and alkaline (Be, Mg, Ca) earth metals. Furthermore, the precise mechanism underlying this intercalation system has remained elusive in …
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